The “Netflix Tax” is very near

The CRTC has announced that streamers doing business in Canada will help pay for CanCon by contributing 5% of their revenues starting September 2024.

“The CRTC is requiring online streaming services making more than $25 million to contribute 5% of their Canadian revenues to support the Canadian broadcasting system.”

The 5% contributions from online streaming services will go to:

  • 2% to the Canada Media Fund and/or direct expenditures towards certified Canadian content;
  • 1.5% to the Independent Local News Fund;
  • 0.5% to the Black Screen Office Fund, the Canadian Independent Screen Fund for BPOC creators, and/or the Broadcasting Accessibility Fund;
  • 0.5% to the Certified Independent Production Funds supporting OLMC producers and producers from diverse communities; and
  • 0.5% to the Indigenous Screen Office Fund.

The 5% contributions from audio streaming services will go to:

  • 2% to FACTOR and Musicaction;
  • 1.5% to a new temporary fund supporting local news production by commercial radio stations outside of the designated markets;
  • 0.5% to the Canadian Starmaker Fund and Fonds RadioStar;
  • 0.5% to the Community Radio Fund of Canada;
  • 0.35% to direct expenditures targeting the development of Canadian and Indigenous content and/or a variety of selected funds; and
  • 0.15% to the Indigenous Music Office and a new fund to support Indigenous music.

The CRTC feels this decision balances the playing field in Canada:

“For decades, traditional Canadian television and radio services have financially supported the creation of content made by and for Canadians, and have showcased that content on their services. Meanwhile, online streaming services, which have been operating in Canada for well over a decade, have not been required to contribute in similar ways. In the Commission’s view, online undertakings that benefit from their place in the Canadian broadcasting system by generating significant revenues and drawing significant Canadian audiences should contribute to the system.”

There is a silver lining. Streamers can count their Canadian projects as 2% of their 5%. “Online streaming services will have some flexibility to direct parts of their contributions to support Canadian television content directly.”

My take: This 5% is not actually a tax that will be added to consumers’ bills. However, I’m almost positive streamers will raise their prices by at least 5%, so perhaps it’s a corporate levy, and not a consumer tax. Just get ready to pay more.

Our Bleak Future?

Policy Horizons Canada has just released a report that identifies 35 potential global events, ranking them in terms of impact and likelihood, called Disruptions on the Horizon 2024.

Number one? “People cannot tell what is true and what is not.”

Number two? “Billionaires run the world.”

The timeframe? Three to five years. Yikes!

Policy Horizons is “the Government of Canada’s centre of excellence in foresight.” They “identify and explore potential disruptions to enable the creation of robust and resilient policies.”

About People cannot tell what is true and what is not they speculate:

“The information ecosystem is flooded with human- and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated content. Mis- and disinformation make it almost impossible to know what is fake or real. It is much harder to know what or who to trust. More powerful generative AI tools, declining trust in traditional knowledge sources, and algorithms designed for emotional engagement rather than factual reporting could increase distrust and social fragmentation. More people may live in separate realities shaped by their personalized media and information ecosystems. These realities could become hotbeds of disinformation, be characterized by incompatible and competing narratives, and form the basis of fault lines in society. Research and the creation of scientific evidence could become increasingly difficult. Public decision making could be compromised as institutions struggle to effectively communicate key messaging on education, public health, research, and government information.”

About Billionaires run the world they surmise:

Extremely wealthy people use their platforms, firms, foundations, and investments to shape public policy—imposing their individual values and beliefs and bypassing democratic governance principles. As the extremely wealthy increasingly influence public opinion and public policy to secure their own interests, the future of democracy and global governance could be at risk. More billionaires could leverage their control over strategic technologies and enormous wealth concentration to enter arenas formerly reserved for states, such as space exploration and diplomacy. As their power grows, billionaires could gain warfare capabilities and control over natural resources and strategic assets. Some might co-opt national foreign policy or take unilateral diplomatic or military action, destabilizing international relations. This may introduce new uncertainties for governance structures, as private individuals do not have the same decision-making constraints as diplomats, politicians, and military professionals.”

In six to eight years, they wonder if Artificial Intelligence runs wild:

AI develops rapidly and its usage becomes pervasive. Society cannot keep up, and people do not widely understand where and how it is being used. Market and geopolitical competition could drive rapid AI development while potentially incentivizing risky corner-cutting behavior and lack of transparency. This rapid development and spread of AI could outpace regulatory efforts to prevent its misuse, leading to many unforeseen challenges. The data used to train generative AI models may infringe on privacy and intellectual property rights, with information collected, stored, and used without adequate regulatory frameworks. Existing inequalities may amplify as AI perpetuates biases in its training data. Social cohesion may erode as a flood of undetectable AI-generated content manipulates and divides populations, fueling values-based clashes. Access to essential services may also become uncertain as AI exploits vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure, putting many basic needs at risk. As an energy- and water-intensive technology, AI could also put pressure on supplies of vital resources, while accelerating climate change.”

The report organizes the 35 potential disruptions into these five categories:

Society

  1. Ageing population has no support: Living circumstances for many elderly people become unbearable as the population ages, and labour and market conditions worsen.
  2. Artificial intelligence runs wild: AI develops rapidly and its usage becomes pervasive. Society cannot keep up, and people do not widely understand where and how it is being used.
  3. Basic needs go unmet: Mounting environmental crises, weak economic growth, and unstable global and local value chains make it difficult for people in Canada to meet their basic human needs, such as housing, water, food, energy, healthcare, and financial security.
  4. Downward social mobility is the norm: People cannot enter the housing market and face increasingly insecure work arrangements. Many Canadians find themselves in lower socio-economic conditions than their parents.
  5. Food is scarce: A large segment of the Canadian population faces food insecurity as population growth, unpredictable crop yields, disrupted trade, and agricultural monopolies lead to volatile availability and increased food pricing.
  6. Men are in crisis: Boys and men face unprecedented levels of educational dropout, unemployment, and loneliness as traditional gender roles are challenged.
  7. People cannot tell what is true and what is not: The information ecosystem is flooded with human- and AI-generated content. Mis/disinformation make it almost impossible to know what is fake or real. It is much harder to know what or who to trust.
  8. Values-based clashes divide society: Canada is divided by unsurmountable conflicts over values, identity, and culture. Clashes, at times violent, erupt regularly on issues such as immigration, climate change, Indigenous rights, and 2SLGBTQIA+ rights.

Economy

  1. Biodata is widely monetized: Business models rely on collecting individuals’ biological data, including fingerprints, iris scans, facial images, health information, and DNA. The data is traded or sold, and used for profiling, marketing, and targeted data collection.
  2. Energy is inaccessible and unreliable: The transition from fossil fuels to renewables is more geopolitically complex than anticipated, leading to uneven adoption around the globe. Many people in Canada face energy uncertainty in terms of availability, reliability, and cost.
  3. Homemade bioweapons go viral: A trend emerges whereby individuals can easily create cheap but powerful bioweapons with readily available technology and minimal infrastructure.
  4. Household debt reaches a tipping point: Unsustainable levels of spending and debt combined with high interest rates drastically limit people’s ability to spend, lease, or borrow. People file for bankruptcy, sell their assets, and exit the home ownership market.
  5. Immigrants do not choose Canada: Canada loses the global competition for highly skilled and upwardly mobile immigrants. Amid affordability problems, housing shortages, and a lack of healthcare, Canada ceases to be a sought-after destination.
  6. Infrastructure and property are uninsurable: The impacts and frequency of climate-related disasters cause underwriters to increase rates and impose strict conditions in certain areas, preventing people from insuring their properties and getting mortgages. Entire areas are no longer serviced by the insurance industry.
  7. Large economies face public debt crises: Large economies default on their loans and pull back on their international commitments and spending in healthcare, education, and other public services.
  8. People cannot afford to live on their own: Canadians commonly live with extended family, other families, or many other people, as the housing crisis persists and multigenerational living is more widely accepted.
  9. Space is commercialized and underregulated: The rapid expansion of space activity increases the number of state and private actors, while geopolitical competition blocks the development of a comprehensive legislative framework for regulating economic, scientific, and military activity in space.
  10. The North experiences an economic boom: Climate change opens the Arctic trade routes and economic activity expands in Canada’s Northern territories.
  11. Vital natural resources are scarce: The demand for vital natural resources such as water, sand, and critical minerals outpaces supply. Access to resources is either limited by a dwindling finite supply or controlled by a few suppliers.

Environment

  1. Biodiversity is lost and ecosystems collapse: There is an irreversible loss of biodiversity and a collapse of ecosystems due to habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change.
  2. Emergency response is overwhelmed: Extreme weather events such as fires, floods, tornados, and hurricanes are frequent and severe. The world is in a perpetual state of emergency, and unable to respond adequately and sustainably.
  3. Geoengineering takes off: Technologies designed to reduce the Earth’s temperature and the effects of climate change, such as carbon removal and solar geoengineering (reflecting sunlight away from the Earth) are widely deployed.
  4. Healthy environments are a human right: People assert their right to live in a healthy environment and hold institutions accountable.
  5. Many Canadian regions become uninhabitable: Many Canadians relocate due to worsening climate change impacts, as extreme weather conditions such as wildfires, flooding, low air quality, and intolerable heat become the norm.

Health

  1. Antibiotics no longer work: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has reached critical levels. AMR is the leading cause of death globally, and food systems are disrupted as it is more expensive for producers to ensure animal or plant health.
  2. Healthcare systems collapse: The healthcare system breaks down and cannot respond to the daily needs of Canadians, much less to crises.
  3. Mental health is in crisis: Mental health deteriorates to crisis levels as Canadians grapple with multiple crises like those related to climate change and the cost of living. Meanwhile, people feel increasingly isolated from one another as societal divisions exacerbate loneliness.

Politics/Geopolitics

  1. Billionaires run the world: Extremely wealthy people shape public policy through their platforms, firms, foundations, and investments—imposing their individual values and beliefs, and bypassing democratic governance principles.
  2. Canadian national unity unravels: The sense of shared identity and common purpose that has underpinned Canadian unity is eroding dramatically. Separatist movements operate in some provinces and territories. People feel disconnected from Canada, its culture, values, climate goals, and economic priorities.
  3. Civil war erupts in the United States: U.S. ideological divisions, democratic erosion, and domestic unrest escalate, plunging the country into civil war.
  4. Cyberattacks disable critical infrastructure: Interruptions to essential services such as the Internet, electricity, transportation, water, and food supply systems are common due to regular cyberattacks, disrupting everyday life.
  5. Democratic systems break down: Authoritarian regimes vastly outnumber democracies and the struggle between the two ideologies is messy in many countries. Some authoritarian countries experience regular pro-democracy protests, while in many democratic countries, duly elected officials pass legislation that dismantles key democratic institutions.
  6. Indigenous peoples govern unceded territory: Indigenous peoples are formally involved in the governance of unceded territories across Canada, including in densely populated areas.
  7. International alliances are in constant flux: Geopolitical lines are redrawn often and quickly around technology, values, and economic interests. Alliances form and break on an ad-hoc basis, based on preferences and beliefs rather than fixed factors such as historical trade relations or geographical proximity.
  8. World war breaks out: Tensions between the world’s powers escalate as new rivalries, alliances, and blocs emerge. Diminishing trust, the assertion of values, acts of interference, the battle for technological superiority, and the fight over natural resources and supply chains propel great powers into a world war, forcing other countries to pick sides.

They conclude with this truly scary thought: What if these disruptions occur at the same time, creating a perfect storm and a unique set of combined circumstances for Canada to face?

Read the full report here.

My take: this is a fascinating, albeit potentially bleak, peek into the future that can be used by both documentarists and fiction screenwriters to outline their next films.

Apple Log Tips

Full Time Filmmaker on YouTube recently released “The Secret Formula for Cinematic iPhone Videos“.

In it he reveals the following:

  1. Record in ProRes Log on an iPhone 15 Pro at 4K 30. He says, “4K 24 especially at ProRes Log just looks kind of choppy.”
  2. In Settings, change to “Most Compatible” from “High Efficiency” and lock the white balance.
  3. Turn on Exposure Adjustment and set it to .7. He says, “If your highlights are blown out it’s going to be a lot harder to actually bring that detail back once you go into color grading.”
  4. Use the main 1X lens under adequate lighting, avoiding top-down noon sunlight. Try angling the light on the opposite side of the subject. He says, “The lighting is probably the most important element actually in making those cameras look good.”
  5. Use the Grid to help create interesting compositions and make sure your camera movement is motivated.
  6. In the edit, convert the Log footage with a Color Space Transform into Rec 709 and colour grade as usual.
  7. Use Halation to lend the footage the characteristic film highlights glow and use a plugin called RSMB to add motion blur.

An excellent video!

My take: Davinci Resolve 19 Studio has just come out with a Film Look Creator effect!

It seems like you’ll still want to add some motion blur, which you can do in Davinci Resolve:

The “middle” will disappear

The Rest Is Entertainment on Youtube recently released an episode with a take on How AI Will Take Over Hollywood In The Next 10 Years.

Hosts Marina Hyde and Richard Osman “pull back the curtain on television, film, journalism and more using their years of knowledge, enviable contact book and wit to bring what’s hot and what’s not in the world of entertainment.”

The episode has them reacting to the first Sora announcement and AI in general. This exchange is particularly insightful:

RO: “…that entire middle of the industry which is where everyone I’ve, you know, worked with my whole life works, you know, it’s going to be really, really tough times I think and there’s no safety net put in place but it’s the middle of culture that will disappear and be replaced by AI I suspect and it’s coming soon and it’ll come sooner.”

MH: “As always the middle in everything is going in the way that mid budget films have fallen away and that kind of middle bankable quality stuff has gone and at the moment I cannot see a pathway to it coming back.”

Richard also says:

“If you’re a new creator in the industry, if you’re a new brain (and by the way it’s quite hard to get into the industry) and you have these tools at your disposal, you would just be using them. I remember a very, very young Edgar Wright when he was starting out and him and his friends would just make these little home movies on videos because that was a new technology that they could suddenly use. If you’re a young person now, a young writer, young creator, young director, a young actor, why would you not be using these AI tools to make incredible content and sharing it with people?”

My take: These comments echo what Jerry Seinfeld recently said about the movie business in general being over. I foresee a continued splintering of audiences into smaller and smaller niches, necessitating smaller budgets as profits also become smaller. Every once in a while something will break through into the general Big C Culture but for the most part that will be left to deep-pocketed streamers chasing smaller and smaller mass audiences. As Seth Godin says:

 

 

 

Nemo breaks The Code to win Eurovision 2024

Last weekend Switzerland‘s Nemo won the Eurovision Song Contest in Malmo, Sweden.

Wow! What a song! What a voice! What staging! What lighting! What direction! All culminating in the win!

Leonor Gomes, writing in D5 MAG, treats us to A Little Amuse-Bouche of Eurovision 2024’s Stage Lighting Design.

In it we learn some of the technical details: “Movable LED cubes, LED floors, light, video, and stage technology will be combined to create dynamic and customisable-to-the-brim variations in the arena. The stage is placed right in the middle of the audience, in a cross-like shape, giving people a 360-degree experience where lighting design, music, and performances are not just seen and heard but felt.”

Over at the European Broadcasting Union official site, more details abound:

  • over 400 radios and 200 intercom panels
  • more than 60 radio channels, both analogue and digital
  • 196 variable speed hoists used to position and move the lighting and LED elements in the design
  • 204 tons of technical gear suspended from the arena ceiling, supported by 3.5 km of truss
  • over 2000 light fixtures, each with LED or laser sources
  • approximately 1000 square meters of LED screens enveloping the set, from the stage floor to LED video cubes
  • 68 speakers
  • 56 microphones
  • 9 sound desks
  • 3 different sound mixes, including in-ear monitors for artists, PA for the on-site audience, and the broadcast mix for TV viewers worldwide
  • 55 seconds to move each prop into place while simultaneously rolling another off the stage
  • over 1000 accredited media representatives from around 60 countries

The Eurovision site names the two people most responsible: Florian Wieder and Fredrik Stormby.

Take a look at the incredible live Steadicam work during the French song:

My take: I love this show and watch it each year. I love the now-permanent slogan: United by Music.

 

Your next great idea might already be in the public domain

Jason Hellerman writing on No Film School invites us to Explore 100+ Public Domain Fairy Tales for Crafting Your Screenplay.

He says:

“Thanks to the public domain, we have access to over 100+ fairy tales that have stood the test of time and are free for anyone to use, adapt, and enjoy.”

Jason feels that public domain fairy tales have many things going for them, such as: familiarity, their established storylines, their endless source material, clear themes and messages, plus multigenerational and universal appeal.

The Numbers concurs that there’s money to be made with fairy tales.

Here’s the list he provides:

  • Cinderella
  • Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
  • Beauty and the Beast
  • Sleeping Beauty
  • Rapunzel
  • Hansel and Gretel
  • Little Red Riding Hood
  • The Frog Prince
  • The Little Mermaid
  • The Emperor’s New Clothes
  • The Ugly Duckling
  • The Tortoise and the Hare
  • The Boy Who Cried Wolf
  • The Three Little Pigs
  • Jack and the Beanstalk
  • Goldilocks and the Three Bears
  • The Pied Piper of Hamelin
  • The Gingerbread Man
  • The Musicians of Bremen
  • The Goose Girl
  • The Princess and the Pea
  • The Emperor and the Nightingale
  • The Snow Queen
  • The Three Billy Goats Gruff
  • The Lion and the Mouse
  • The Fisherman and his Wife
  • Thumbelina
  • The Brave Little Tailor
  • The Little Match Girl
  • The Magic Fish
  • The Golden Goose
  • The Wolf and the Seven Little Kids
  • The Red Shoes
  • The Steadfast Tin Soldier
  • The Wild Swans
  • The Elves and the Shoemaker
  • The Princess on the Glass Hill
  • The Twelve Dancing Princesses
  • The Bremen Town Musicians
  • The Three Feathers
  • The Valiant Little Tailor
  • The Snow-White Dove
  • The Little Red Hen
  • The Girl Without Hands
  • The Magic Porridge Pot
  • The Frog Princess
  • The Dragon and the Princess
  • The Master Cat; or, Puss in Boots
  • The Story of Bluebeard
  • The Story of Tom Thumb
  • The Queen Bee
  • The Singing Bone
  • The Water of Life
  • The Wolf and the Crane
  • The Wolf and the Sheep
  • The Young Giant
  • The Golden Bird
  • The Straw, the Coal, and the Bean
  • The Swineherd
  • The Three Princesses of Whiteland
  • The White Cat
  • The Wishing-Table, the Gold-Ass, and the Cudgel in the Sack
  • The White Snake
  • The Boy Who Wanted More Cheese
  • The Drummer
  • The Golden Crab
  • The Golden Key
  • The Little Glass Slipper
  • The Old Woman and Her Pig
  • The Story of the Three Bears
  • The Travelling Musicians
  • The Two Brothers
  • The Witch in the Stone Boat
  • The Witch’s Daughter
  • The Woodcutter’s Daughter
  • The Young Slave
  • The Seven Ravens
  • The Blue Light
  • The Brave Little Parrot
  • The Glass Mountain
  • The Golden Goose of the Wonderful Garden
  • The Golden Lion
  • The Lazy Spinner
  • The Little Good Mouse
  • The Little Nut-Tree
  • The Old Woman in the Wood
  • The Seven Foals
  • The Sun, the Moon, and Talia
  • The Thief and His Master
  • The Two Brothers and the White Bearded Old Man
  • The White Bird
  • The White Duck
  • The Wise Little Girl
  • The Witch and Her Servants
  • The Magic Mirror
  • The Wild Man
  • The Fairy Gifts
  • The Fire-Bird, the Horse of Power, and the Princess Vasilissa
  • The Juniper-Tree
  • The King of the Golden Mountain
  • The Little Mermaid and the Prince
  • The Master Thief
  • The Nightingale
  • The Six Swans
  • The Twelve Huntsmen
  • The Golden Bird and the Good Hare
  • The Iron Stove
  • The Milk-White Doo
  • The Nettle Spinner
  • The Princess and the Goblin
  • The Princess Mayblossom
  • The Rose Tree
  • The Sea-Maiden
  • The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood

My take: as the Bible says, “What has been will be again, what has been done will be done again; there is nothing new under the sun.”

Gaming twice as lucrative as movies

Matt Grobar reports on Deadline that LaKeith Stanfield is Circling ‘El Paso, Elsewhere’ Video Game Adaptation.

He writes:

“Academy Award nominee LaKeith Stanfield (The Book of Clarence) is in talks to star in and produce a feature adaptation of the hit neo-noir video game El Paso, Elsewhere, Deadline has learned. The film will center on James Savage (Stanfield), who while recovering from a toxic relationship, confronts both his inner demons and enigmatic ex-girlfriend, Janet, before she executes a world-ending ritual. James navigates her reality-bending universe of ethereal monsters while facing the truth of his own addictions and skewed sense of self-worth, learning that the only route to love is through healing.”

The Numbers ranks All Time Worldwide Box Office for Based on Game Movies and crowns 2023’s The Super Mario Bros. Movie the king with over $1.3 Billion.

Video game movie adaptation crosses over two entertainment segments: gaming and movies. Guess what. Gaming is twice as lucrative.

According to PwC, “Total gaming revenue is expected to rise from US$227 billion in 2023 to US$312 billion in 2027, representing a 7.9% CAGR (compound annual growth rate.)” Meanwhile, “Global Movies and Entertainment Market size is poised to grow from USD 104.49 billion in 2023 to USD 182.23 Billion by 2031, at a CAGR of 7.2%,” according to SkyQuest.

My take: Apparently it was over 40 years ago when gaming first bested films and music: “In 1982, the arcade video game industry reached its peak, generating $8 billion in quarters, surpassing the annual gross revenue of both pop music ($4 billion) and Hollywood films ($3 billion) combined.” Now, gaming is by far the winner. btw, Minecraft (the movie) is coming in April 2025.

Jerry Seinfeld: “The Movie Business is over!”

Brett Martin writing in GQ reports that “Jerry Seinfeld Says Movies Are Over.”

While promoting his new Netflix movie “Unfrosted,” the billionaire comedian talks about his directing debut.

“These movie people are unbelievable. They’re insane…. They’re so dead serious! They don’t have any idea that the movie business is over. They have no idea…. Film doesn’t occupy the pinnacle in the social, cultural hierarchy that it did for most of our lives. When a movie came out, if it was good, we all went to see it. We all discussed it. We quoted lines and scenes we liked. Now we’re walking through a fire hose of water, just trying to see.”

Brett asks, “What do you think has replaced film?”

“Depression? Malaise? I would say confusion. Disorientation replaced the movie business. Everyone I know in show business, every day, is going, What’s going on? How do you do this? What are we supposed to do now?”

Jerry Seinfeld closes by reveiling his philosophy:

“There’s nothing I revile quite as much as a dilettante. I don’t like doing something to a mediocre level. It’s great to be 70, because you really get to preach with some authority: Get good at something. That’s it. Everything else is bullshit.”

My take: Great advice. To me, Seinfeld remains one of the best TV sitcoms of all time.

Apple Log on iPhone

Apple Log on iPhone is Not a Gimmick according to ZY Cheng of Malaysia.

In a fast-paced 10 minutes he covers:

  • the difference between conventional filming and filming in log
  • how exposure changes in log (1:12)
  • using the iPhone Camera App to film in log (5:06)
  • using the Blackmagic Camera App to film in log (5:47)
  • the log profile and black and white levels (6:31)
  • log exposure tips for day and night filming (7:53)

Apple Log is available on the iPhone 15 Pro and Pro Max. Note that Apple will most likely be upgrading these come September 2024.

My take: I want this. I need this!

Canadian Box Office over 20%!

A curious thing happened at the Canadian theatrical box office during the week of April 5-11, 2024: over 20% of the screenings were Canadian movies. This number is usually between three to ten percent of screenings.

In BC, Monkey Man had over 55% of the Canadian screenings, with Dune: Part Two pulling in over 40%. In other words, those two movies represented over 95% of the Canadian screenings in BC for the week of April 5-11, 2024.

Canadian movies, eh?

Monkey Man was produced by Canadian motion picture company Bron Studios. Netflix declined and shopped it, and Jordan Peele picked it up. Unfortunately, Bron may be having financial difficulties.

Dune: Part Two was co-written and directed by Canadian Denis Villeneuve. It probably earns its maple leaf because the special effects were done by three Canadian companies:

  • DNEG has offices in both Toronto and Montreal.
  • Wylie Co. has offices in Montreal.
  • Rodeo FX has studios in Montreal, Quebec City, and Toronto.

Yes, these are Canadian films in the sense that Canadians had a big hand in making them. Not sure they reflect the Canadian identity and experience though.

My take: I always watch the credits to the very end. It’s always worth the chuckle when a Canadian government logo scrolls by on a patently non-Canadian film. Canadian tax dollars at work!